Skip to main content

Table 1 List of fauna in the concretion (alphabetical within larger grouping)

From: 3-D orientation and distribution of ammonites in a concretion from the Upper Cretaceous Pierre Shale of Montana

Species

Habitat

Feeding strategy

Abundance

Cephalopoda

 Baculites sp. cf. B. baculus (Meek and Hayden 1861)

Nektonic

Planktivore

Uncommon

 Hoploscaphites crassus (Coryell and Salmon 1934)

Nektonic

Planktivore

Very abundant

 Hoploscaphites plenus (Meek 1876)

Nektonic

Planktivore

Very abundant

 Hoploscaphites saltgrassensis (Elias 1933)

Nektonic

Planktivore

Abundant

 Coleoid

Nektonic

Carnivore

Uncommon

Bivalvia

 Anomia gryphorhyncha (Meek 1872)

Epifaunal

Sessile suspension feeder

Uncommon

 Crenella elegantula (Meek and Hayden 1861)

Epifaunal

Mobile deposit feeder

Uncommon

 Cucullaea nebrascensis (Owen 1852)

Infaunal

Mobile suspension feeder

Common

 Cuspidaria moreauensis (Meek and Hayden 1856a)

Infaunal

Burrowing carnivore

Common

 Cuspidaria ventricosa (Meek and Hayden, 1856a)

Infaunal

Burrowing carnivore

Common

 Cymbophora warrenana (Meek and Hayden 1856b)

Infaunal

Mobile suspension feeder

Uncommon

 Endocostea typica Whitfield, 1877

Epifaunal

Suspension feeder

Common

 Limopsis striatopunctata (Evans and Shumard 1857)

Epifaunal

Mobile suspension feeder

Uncommon

 Malletia evansi (Meek and Hayden 1856a)

Infaunal

Mobile deposit feeder

Common

 Modiolus galpinianus (Evans and Shumard 1854)

Semi-infaunal

Suspension feeder

Uncommon

 Modiolus meeki (Evans and Shumard 1857)

Semi-infaunal

Suspension feeder

Common

 Nucula cancellata Meek and Hayden, 1856a

Infaunal

Mobile deposit feeder

Very abundant

 Nucula percrassa (Conrad 1858)

Infaunal

Mobile deposit feeder

Common

 Nucula planomarginata (Meek and Hayden 1856a)

Infaunal

Mobile deposit feeder

Common

 Nuculana (Jupiteria) scitula (Meek and Hayden 1856a)

Infaunal

Mobile deposit feeder

Common

 Nuculana (Nuculana) grandensis (Speden 1970)

Infaunal

Mobile deposit feeder

Uncommon

 Nymphalucina occidentalis (Morton 1842)

Infaunal

Siphonate suspension feeder/Chemosymbiotic

Abundant

 Oxytoma (Hypoxytoma) nebrascana (Evans and Shumard 1857)

Epifaunal

Suspension feeder

Common

 Pecten (Chlamys) nebrascensis (Meek and Hayden 1856a)

Epifaunal

Mobile suspension feeder

Abundant

 Phelopteria linguiformis (Evans and Shumard 1854)

Epifaunal

Epibyssate suspension feeder

Uncommon

 Pholadomya deweyensis (Speden 1970)

Deep infaunal

Mobile suspension feeder

Uncommon

 Protocardia subquadrata (Evans and Shumard 1857)

Infaunal

Mobile deposit feeder

Very abundant

 Solemya subplicata (Meek and Hayden 1856a)

Infaunal

Siphonate suspension feeder

Uncommon

 Tenuipteria fibrosa (Meek and Hayden 1856a)

Epifaunal

Epibyssate suspension feeder

Uncommon

 Yoldia rectangularis (Speden 1970)

Infaunal

Mobile suspension feeder

Uncommon

Gastropoda

 Aporrhais biangulata (Meek and Hayden 1856a)

Semi-infaunal

Detritivore

Common

 Atira? nebrascensis (Meek and Hayden 1856a)

Epifaunal

Grazer

Very abundant

 Cylindrotruncatum demersum (Sohl 1964)

Epifaunal

Carnivore

Common

 Drepanochilus evansi (Cossmann 1904)

Epifaunal

Carnivore

Very abundant

 Euspira obliquata (Hall and Meek 1856)

Epifaunal

Carnivore

Abundant

 Oligoptycha concinna (Hall and Meek 1856)

Epifaunal

Carnivore

Common

 Pyrifusus subdensatus (Conrad 1858)

Epifaunal

Carnivore

Uncommon

 Rhombopsis intertextus (Meek and Hayden 1856a)

Epifaunal

Carnivore

Uncommon

Scaphopoda

 Dentalium gracile (Hall and Meek 1876)

Semi-infaunal

Carnivore

Very abundant

 Dentalium pauperculum (Meek and Hayden 1860)

Semi-infaunal

Carnivore

Very abundant

Coelenterata

 Microbacia radiata (Baron-Szabo 2008)

Epifaunal

Suspension feeder

Uncommon

Miscellaneous

 Burrows

  

Uncommon

 Bryozoans

Epifaunal

Suspension feeder

Uncommon

 Circular fossils

  

Uncommon

 Crustaceans

Epifaunal

Carnivore

Uncommon

 Echinoids

Epifaunal

Carnivore

Common

 Epibionts

  

Uncommon

 Fish

Nektonic

Carnivore

Abundant

 Ghost rings

  

Uncommon

 “Seeds”

  

Uncommon

 Tubes

  

Uncommon

 Wood/bone

  

Uncommon