Table 2 List of all named European fossil Constrictores in chronological order

Valid species

 Dunnophis matronensis Rage, 1973

early Eocene (MP 7), Portugal; early and middle Eocene (MP 10, and MP 14), France

V

Rage (1973), Augé et al. (1997), Rage and Augé (2003, 2010)

 Calamagras gallicus Rage, 1977

early Eocene (MP 8/9 and MP 10), France

V

Rage (1977), Augé et al. (1997), Schaal and Baszio (2004)

 Messelophis variatus Baszio, 2004

early–middle Eocene (MP 11), Germany

S

Baszio, 2004; Scanferla et al. (2016), Scanferla and Smith (2020a)

 Rieppelophis ermannorum (Schaal and Baszio, 2004)

early–middle Eocene, Germany

V

Schaal and Baszio (2004), Scanferla et al. (2016), Scanferla and Smith (2020a)

 Rageryx schmidi Smith and Scanferla, 2021

early–middle Eocene (MP 11), Germany

S

Smith and Scanferla (2021)

 Eoconstrictor fischeri (Schaal, 2004)

early–middle Eocene (MP 11), Germany

V

Schaal (2004), Smith and Scanferla (2016), Smith et al. (2018); this paper

 Messelopython freyi Zaher and Smith, 2020

early–middle Eocene (MP 11), Germany

S

Habersetzer and Schaal (1990), Szyndlar and Böhme (1993), Zaher and Smith (2020)

Palaeopython sp. of Habersetzer and Schaal, 1990; “pythonine-like Boidae” of Szyndlar and Böhme (1993)

 Palaeopython ceciliensis Barnes, 1927

late early or middle Eocene, Germany

V

Barnes (1927), Weigelt (1929), Kuhn (1939a); this paper

 Eoconstrictor spinifer (Barnes, 1927) comb. nov.

late early or middle Eocene, Germany

V, C

Barnes (1927)

 Szyndlaria aureomontensis Rage and Augé, 2010

middle Eocene (MP 14), France

V

Rage and Augé (2010)

 Platyspondylia sudrei Rage, 1988b

middle Eocene (MP 16), France

V

Rage (1988b)

 Cadurceryx filholi Hoffstetter and Rage, 1972

middle and late Eocene (MP 16, MP 19, and imprecise locality), France

V

Hoffstetter and Rage (1972), Rage (1984b, 2013)

 Dunnophis cadurcensis Rage, 1974

middle and late Eocene (MP 16 and MP 17), France

V

Rage (1974, 1988b)

 Palaeopython cadurcensis (Filhol, 1877a)

late middle–late Eocene (MP 16, MP 17, MP 19, and imprecise localities), France

V, C (designation of vertebral material as lectotype made in this paper)

Filhol (1877a, 1877b, 1877c) Rochebrune (1880, 1884) Lydekker (1888a); Zittel (1887–1890); De Stefano (1905), Rage (1988b, 2013), Holman et al. (2006), Georgalis and Scheyer (2019a); this paper

Material from Switzerland described by Pictet et al. (1855–1857) is herein treated as Palaeopython sp.

 Palaeopython helveticus Georgalis and Scheyer, 2019a

late middle–late Eocene (MP 16–20), Switzerland

V

Georgalis and Scheyer (2019a)

 Hordleophis balconae Holman, 1996

late Eocene (MP 17), United Kingdom

V

Holman (1996)

 Paraplatyspondylia batesi Holman and Harrison, 1998b

late Eocene (MP 17), United Kingdom

V

Holman and Harrison (1998b)

 Totlandophis thomasae Holman and Harrison, 1998a

late Eocene (MP 17), United Kingdom

V

Holman and Harrison (1998a)

 Cadurceryx pearchi Holman et al., 2006

late Eocene (MP 17), United Kingdom

V

Holman et al. (2006)

 Paleryx rhombifer Owen, 1850

late Eocene (MP 17, MP 18, and MP 19), United Kingdom

V

Owen (1850), Lydekker (1888a), Rage and Ford (1980); this paper

 Cadurcoboa insolita Rage, 1978

late Eocene (MP 18), France

V

Rage (1978)

 Phosphoroboa filholii (Rochebrune, 1880) comb. nov.

late Eocene (MP 19 and imprecise locality[ies]), France

V

Rochebrune (1880, 1884), Lydekker (1888a), De Stefano (1905), Rage (1974); this paper

Material from Switzerland described by Pictet et al. (1855–1857) is herein treated as Constrictores indet

 Rageophis lafonti (Filhol, 1877a)

middle–late Eocene (MP 16–20) (imprecise locality), France

V

Filhol (1877a)

Age based on assumptions of Laloy et al. (2013 and Tissier et al. (2016; see also “Localities and age”

 “Palaeopython” neglectus Rochebrune, 1884

middle or late Eocene (imprecise locality[ies]), France

V

Rochebrune (1884), De Stefano (1905); this paper

 Plesiotortrix edwardsi Rochebrune, 1884

Eocene or Oligocene (imprecise locality), France

V

Rochebrune (1884)

 Falseryx neervelpensis Szyndlar et al., 2008

early Oligocene (MP 21), Belgium

V

Szyndlar et al. (2008)

 Bransateryx vireti Hoffstetter and Rage, 1972

early and late Oligocene (MP 22, MP 25, MP 28, MP 29, and MP 30), France and Germany

Hoffstetter and Rage (1972), Szyndlar (1987, 1994), Augé and Rage (1995), Szyndlar and Rage (2003), Rage and Szyndlar (2005)

 Bavarioboa bachensis Szyndlar and Rage, 2003

late Oligocene (MP 26), France

V

Szyndlar and Rage (2003)

 Bavarioboa vaylatsae Szyndlar and Rage, 2003

late Oligocene (MP 26), France

V

Szyndlar and Rage (2003)

 Bavarioboa crocheti Szyndlar and Rage, 2003

late Oligocene (MP 28), France

V

Szyndlar and Rage (2003)

 Platyspondylia lepta Rage, 1974

late Oligocene (MP 28 and MP 30), France

V

Rage (1974), Szyndlar and Rage (2003)

 Bavarioboa herrlingensis Szyndlar and Rage, 2003

late Oligocene (MP 28), Germany

V

Szyndlar and Rage (2003)

 Rottophis atavus (Meyer, 1855)

late Oligocene (MP 27 and MP 30), Germany

S

Meyer (1855), Szyndlar (1994)

 Bavarioboa minuta Szyndlar and Rage, 2003

late Oligocene (MP 28), Germany

V

Szyndlar and Rage (2003)

Platyspondylia germanica Szyndlar and Rage, 2003

late Oligocene (MP 28), Germany

V

Szyndlar and Rage (2003)

 Bransateryx vireti Hoffstetter and Rage, 1972

late Oligocene (MP 29–30), France; early Miocene (MN 1), Germany

V

Hoffstetter and Rage (1972), Szyndlar (1987), Szyndlar and Böhme (1993), Rage and Szyndlar (2005)

 Python euboicus Römer, 1870

early Miocene, Greece

S

Römer (1870)

 Bavarioboa hermi Szyndlar and Schleich, 1993

early Miocene (MN 4), Germany; early Miocene (MN 4), Czech Republic

V

Szyndlar (1987, 1991), Szyndlar and Schleich (1993), Szyndlar and Rage (2003)

 Falseryx petersbuchi Szyndlar and Rage, 2003

early Miocene (MN 4), Germany; early Miocene (MN 4), Czech Republic

V

Szyndlar (1987, 1991), Szyndlar and Schleich (1993), Szyndlar and Rage (2003)

(Referred specimens of Bransateryx septentrionalis of Szyndlar, 1987 and Szyndlar, 1991; Bransateryx septentrionalis of Szyndlar and Schleich, 1993)

 Python europaeus Szyndlar and Rage, 2003

early and middle Miocene (MN 4, MN 4/5, MN 5), France

V

Ivanov (2000), Szyndlar and Rage (2003), Rage and Bailon (2005), Rage (2013)

 Bavarioboa ultima Szyndlar and Rage, 2003

middle Miocene (MN 5), Germany

V

Szyndlar and Rage (2003)

 Albaneryx depereti Hoffstetter and Rage, 1972

middle Miocene (MN 6–MN 7/8), France

V

Hoffstetter and Rage (1972), Augé and Rage (2000)

 Albaneryx volynicus Zerova, 1989

late Miocene (MN 9), Ukraine

V

Zerova (1989), Szyndlar (1991)

 Eryx primitivus Szyndlar and Schleich, 1994

early Pliocene (MN 15), Spain

V

Szyndlar and Schleich (1994)

Invalid species

 Paleryx cayluxi De Stefano, 1905

middle Eocene (MP 16) and middle or late Eocene (imprecise locality), France

V, C (designation of vertebral material as lectotype made in this paper)

De Stefano (1905), Rage (1984b)

Junior synonym of Palaeopython cadurcensis (this paper)

 Paleryx depressus Owen, 1850

late Eocene (MP 17), United Kingdom

V

Owen (1850)

Junior synonym of Paleryx rhombifer (Rage and Ford, 1980; this paper)

 Palaelaphis antiquus Rochebrune, 1884

Eocene or Oligocene or early Miocene, France

V

Rochebrune (1884)

Nomen dubium (Rage, 1984b)

 Palaelaphis robustus Rochebrune, 1884

Eocene or Oligocene or early Miocene, France

C

Rochebrune (1884)

Nomen dubium (Rage, 1984b)

 Elaphis boulei De Stefano, 1905

Eocene or Oligocene or early Miocene, France

C, V

De Stefano (1905)

Nomen dubium (Rage, 1984b)

 Pylmophis gracilis Rochebrune, 1884

Eocene or Oligocene or early Miocene, France

V

Rochebrune (1884)

Nomen dubium (Rage, 1984b)

 Tachyophis nitidus Rochebrune, 1884

Eocene or Oligocene or early Miocene, France

V

Rochebrune (1884)

Nomen dubium (Rage, 1984b)

 Bransateryx septentrionalis Szyndlar, 1987

late Oligocene (MP 30), France

V

Szyndlar (1987)

Junior synonym of Bransateryx vireti (Szyndlar and Rage, 2003)

 Botrophis gaudryi Rochebrune, 1880

middle Miocene (MN 5), France

V

Rochebrune (1880)

Nomen dubium; could even pertain to Viperidae (Szyndlar and Rage, 2003)