Geology and stratigraphy of the Neogene section along the Oued Beth between Dar bel Hamri and El Kansera (Rharb Basin, northwestern Morocco) and its otolith-based fish fauna: a faunal inventory for the Early Pliocene remigration into the Mediterranean

Schwarzhans, Werner

doi:10.1186/s13358-023-00268-4

Swiss Journal of Palaeontology

Table 2 Ecology chart of extant species found as fossils in Dar bel Hamri. Ecology data from Froese and Pauly (2022); depth ranges reflect “usual ranges” where given

From: Geology and stratigraphy of the Neogene section along the Oued Beth between Dar bel Hamri and El Kansera (Rharb Basin, northwestern Morocco) and its otolith-based fish fauna: a faunal inventory for the Early Pliocene remigration into the Mediterranean

	Habitat	Temperature	Water depth
Heterenchelyidae
Panturichthys fowleri	Demersal	Subtropical	27–120 m
Ophichthidae
Echlus myrus	Demersal	Subtropical	3–550 m
Congridae
Gnathophis mystax	Demersal	Subtropical	75–800 m
Japonoconger africanus	Demersal	Tropical	250–650 m
Paraxenomystax bidentatus	Demersal	Tropical	494–604 m
Ariidae
Carlarius latiscutatus	Demersal	Tropical	to 30–70 m
Myctophidae
Hygophum hygomi	Oceanic-mesopelagic	Temperate-tropical	600–800 m (day)
Ceratoscopelus maderensis	Mesopelagic, high oceanic	Temperate-subtropical	460–1082 m (day)
Diaphus adenomus	Mesopelagic, pseudoceanic	Subtropical-tropical	500–686 m (day)
Macrouridae
Trachyrinchus scabrus	Demersal	Temperate-tropical	395–1700 m
Merlucciidae
Merluccius polli	Demersal	Subtropical-tropical	50–1000 m
Carapidae
Carapus acus	Demersal	Subtropical	1–150 m
Echiodon dentatus	Demersal	Subtropical	120–3250 m
Brotulidae
Brotula multibarbata	Benthopelagic	Tropical	100–650 m (adult)
Holocentridae
Sargocentron hastatum	Neritic, reef-associated	Subtropical-tropical	50–100 m
Gobiidae
Deltentosteus quadrimaculatus	Demersal	Subtropical	10–90 m
Soleidae
Dicologlossa hexophthalma	Demersal	Subtropical-tropical	shallow water
Microchirus variegatus	Demersal	Temperate-subtropical	20–40 m
Synapturichthysi kleinii	Demersal	Subtropical / antitropical	20–460 m
Vanstraelenia chirophthalma	Demersal	Tropical	8–100 m
Carangidae
Trachurus mediterraneus	Pelagic	Subtropical	5–250 m
Haemulidae
Pomadasys incisus	Demersal	Subtropical-tropical	10–100 m
Cepolidae
Cepola macrophthalma	Demersal	Temperate-subtropical	15–400 m
Triglidae
Peristedion cataphractum	Demersal	Subtropical-tropical	50–600 m
Trachinidae
Trachinus armatus	Demersal	Tropical	15–150 m
Uranoscopidae
Uranoscopus scaber	Demersal	Subtropical	15–400 m
Sparidae
Boops boops	Pelagic	Temperate-tropical	0–100 m
Diplodus bellottii	Benthopelagic	Subtropical	30–50 m
Oblada melanura	Benthopelagic	Subtropical-tropical	0–30 m
Pagellus acarne	Benthopelagic	Subtropical	40–100 m
Pagellus bellottii	Demersal	Subtropical-tropical	10–50 m
Pagellus bogaraveo	Benthopelagic	Temperate-subtropical	150–300 m
Pagellus erythrinus	Benthopelagic	Temperate-subtropical	20–100 m
Pagrus pagrus	Benthopelagic	Temperate-subtropical	10–80 m
Spicara alta	Benthopelagic	Tropical	100–300 m
Spicara smaris	Benthopelagic	Subtropical	15–328 m
Dentex canariensis	Demersal	Tropical	to 150 m
Dentex dentex	Benthopelagic	Subtropical	15–50 m
Opsodentex angolensis	Demersal	Tropical	15–300 m
Sciaenidae
Atractoscion macrolepis	Benthopelagic	Subtropical-tropical	100–200 m
Pseudotolithus typus	Demersal	Tropical	0–60 m
Pteroscion peli	Benthopelagic	Tropical	0–50 m
Umbrina canariensis	Demersal	Subtropical-tropical	50–200 m
Percentages	Demersal 58.1% Benthopelagic 30.2% Pelagic 4.7% Mesopelagic 7.0%	Temper.-subtrop. 20.9% Subtropical 30.2% Subtrop.-tropical 23.2% Tropical 25.6%	to 50 m 18.6% to 100 m 55.8% from 100 m 25.6%

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