Fig. 12

Former and new potential phylogenetic characters for the relationships among the Pleistocene glyptodont genera from our comparative investigation. Shared morphological traits are defined as characters in the illustrated table and each homological or homoplasical hypothesis is illustrated on the schematic tree extracted from the strict consensus of Nuñez-Blasco et al. (2021) to address the evolutionary history of glyptodonts. For each evolutionary scenario, the anatomical regions involved are identified by a symbol from the cranium of Glyptodon munizi (PIMUZ A/V 461) in lateral view: a cranium for external morphological features, a cranium in transparency with teeth selected for dental characters, an isolated braincase endocast, an isolated and verticalized inner ear, and the neurocranial canals. The color follows the coding of each character. See Table 2 for measurement abbreviations. Symbol: *, from Nuñez-Blasco et al. (2021). D, Doedicurus; G, Glyptodon; K, character; N, Neosclerocalyptus; P, Panochthus