Fig. 5From: Simoniteuthis, a new vampyromorph coleoid with prey in its arms from the Early Jurassic of LuxembourgGeneral phylogenetic tree of the Neocoleoidea (proostracum-bearing coleoids) indicating arm crown modifications within the Octobrachia. If the filamentous arm pair of Recent Vampyroteuthis is a homologue of the lost arm pair of the Octopoda, the vampyromorph stem lineage (thicker) should theoretically exhibit evidence of a rudimental dorsolateral (5th) arm pairBack to article page